Risk Stratification in Chest Pain: Impact on the Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Abstract Background The implementation of institutional protocols in the emergency department (ED) for risk stratification in patients with chest pain has been recommended. Objective To assess the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of an institutional risk stratification protocol for chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Method Cross-sectional study conducted based on the computerized records of patients treated with the use of a chest pain protocol adapted from the Manchester protocol. The level of risk was stratified by applying five colors representing the respective levels. Each color represents a level of severity and a maximum waiting time for receiving medical care. Red and orange were considered to be high priority, while patients with yellow, green or blue indications were considered to represent a low priority. To compare the type of diagnosis and the classification of priority for receiving care, the Pearson's chi-square test was used, considering a significance level of p< 0.05 for all tests. Results The records of 1,074 patients admitted to the cardiology ED were analyzed. Men (54%), with a mean age of 60 ± 15 years, with complaints of chest pain (44%) of moderate intensity (80%) were predominant the study. Of these patients, 19% were classified as high priority, while 81% were considered to represent a low priority. ACS was confirmed in 23% of the patients, with 34% of them being classified as high priority and 66% as low priority. The sensitivity of the risk stratification protocol for chest pain was 33.7% and the specificity was 86.0%, with a positive and negative predictive value of 41.7% and 81.3%, respectively. Conclusion The Institutional risk stratification protocol for chest pain suggestive of ACS presented satisfactory specificity and a low degree of sensitivity. Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0

Stress in Women with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Closer Look. / Um Olhar sobre o Stress nas Mulheres com Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio.

BACKGROUND: Women seem to be more susceptible to psychosocial stress than men, and stress is associated with worse outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the female gender is an independent predictor of risk for stress and to compare stress levels between women and men after AMI. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of a case series. Patients aged 18 to 65 years who were treated for AMI at the study facility between January 2017 and June 2018 were eligible. The presence of stress was assessed using Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults (ISSL), which categorizes stress into four phases (alertness, resistance, near-exhaustion, and exhaustion), through a list of physical and psychological symptoms. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 24.0. The significance level was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Of the 330 respondents, 89% of women and 70% of men experienced stress. The female gender was associated with nearly threefold higher odds of experiencing stress (EXP (B)2.79, p = 0.02). Regarding the phases of stress, women were more often in the near-exhaustion and exhaustion phases, while men were more often in the resistance phase. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that women are most often in the third and fourth phases of stress, i.e., in situations of long-standing psychosocial stress. These findings can assist in the development of gender-specific strategies for health promotion and disease prevention, aiming to minimize the effects of stress in this population.

FUNDAMENTO: As mulheres parecem ser mais suscetíveis ao estresse psicossocial quando comparadas aos homens, e o estresse está associado a piora na evolução clínica dos pacientes após o infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM). OBJETIVOS: Investigar se o sexo feminino é preditor independente de risco para o estresse e comparar os níveis de estresse entre mulheres e homens com IAM. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de uma série de casos, realizado entre janeiro de 2017 e junho de 2018. Pacientes com idade entre 18 e 65 anos, atendidos na instituição por IAM nesse período. A existência de estresse foi avaliada por meio do Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de LIPP (ISSL), que o categoriza em quatro fases: alerta, resistência, quase exaustão e exaustão, com base em uma lista de sintomas físicos e psicológicos. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa estatístico Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 24.0. O nível de significância adotado foi um valor de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Dos 330 entrevistados, 89% das mulheres e 70% dos homens apresentaram estresse; o sexo feminino quase triplicou as chances de sofrê-lo (EXP (B) 2,79; p = 0,02). Quanto às quatro fases, as mulheres mostraram-se mais em quase exaustão e exaustão, e os homens, mais em resistência. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo evidenciou que as mulheres se encontram na terceira e quarta fases do estresse, ou seja, em situações de estresse psicossocial duradouras. Tais resultados podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento de estratégias específicas para prevenção e promoção da saúde conforme os sexos, visando minimizar os efeitos do estresse nesses pacientes.

Um Olhar sobre o Stress nas Mulheres com Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio / Stress in Women with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Closer Look

Resumo Fundamento: As mulheres parecem ser mais suscetíveis ao estresse psicossocial quando comparadas aos homens, e o estresse está associado a piora na evolução clínica dos pacientes após o infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM). Objetivos: Investigar se o sexo feminino é preditor independente de risco para o estresse e comparar os níveis de estresse entre mulheres e homens com IAM. Métodos: Estudo transversal de uma série de casos, realizado entre janeiro de 2017 e junho de 2018. Pacientes com idade entre 18 e 65 anos, atendidos na instituição por IAM nesse período. A existência de estresse foi avaliada por meio do Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de LIPP (ISSL), que o categoriza em quatro fases: alerta, resistência, quase exaustão e exaustão, com base em uma lista de sintomas físicos e psicológicos. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa estatístico Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 24.0. O nível de significância adotado foi um valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: Dos 330 entrevistados, 89% das mulheres e 70% dos homens apresentaram estresse; o sexo feminino quase triplicou as chances de sofrê-lo (EXP (B) 2,79; p = 0,02). Quanto às quatro fases, as mulheres mostraram-se mais em quase exaustão e exaustão, e os homens, mais em resistência. Conclusões: Este estudo evidenciou que as mulheres se encontram na terceira e quarta fases do estresse, ou seja, em situações de estresse psicossocial duradouras. Tais resultados podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento de estratégias específicas para prevenção e promoção da saúde conforme os sexos, visando minimizar os efeitos do estresse nesses pacientes.

Abstract Background: Women seem to be more susceptible to psychosocial stress than men, and stress is associated with worse outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Objectives: To investigate whether the female gender is an independent predictor of risk for stress and to compare stress levels between women and men after AMI. Methods: Cross-sectional study of a case series. Patients aged 18 to 65 years who were treated for AMI at the study facility between January 2017 and June 2018 were eligible. The presence of stress was assessed using Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults (ISSL), which categorizes stress into four phases (alertness, resistance, near-exhaustion, and exhaustion), through a list of physical and psychological symptoms. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 24.0. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: Of the 330 respondents, 89% of women and 70% of men experienced stress. The female gender was associated with nearly threefold higher odds of experiencing stress (EXP (B)2.79, p = 0.02). Regarding the phases of stress, women were more often in the near-exhaustion and exhaustion phases, while men were more often in the resistance phase. Conclusions: This study showed that women are most often in the third and fourth phases of stress, i.e., in situations of long-standing psychosocial stress. These findings can assist in the development of gender-specific strategies for health promotion and disease prevention, aiming to minimize the effects of stress in this population.

Nursing Guidelines on Cardiac Surgery and Parents' Anxiety: Randomized Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: The preparation of parents of children who should undergo cardiac surgery requires special treatment such as the explanations about the event. This study aims to compare the effects of standardized nursing guidelines with routine institutional orientation on the anxiety of parents of children undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial. The sample consisted of parents of children who underwent cardiac surgery from December 2010 to April 2011. Twenty-two parents were randomized to the intervention group (IG) and received the standard nursing guidelines and 22 participated in the control group (CG) and received the routine guidelines from the institution. Anxiety was assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) applied in the preoperative period, between 12 and 20 hours before surgery and before receiving standard or institutional guidelines and 48 hours after surgery. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures was performed to evaluate the differences between the variations in STAI scores between the groups during the studied period. The level of significance was 0.05. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in baseline anxiety scores between groups with regard to trait anxiety as well as state anxiety: STAI-trait (CG 42.6±4.9 vs. IG 41.4±6.0, P=0.48); STAI-state (CG 42.3±5.7 vs. IG 45.6±8.3, P=0.18). Likewise, the variation in score after 48 hours was similar between groups (STAI-trait P=0.77; STAI-state P=0.61). CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the parents' anxiety levels when comparing the two types of guidelines: the standard nursing and the institutional orientation.

Nursing guidelines on cardiac surgery and parents anxiety: randomized clinical trial

Abstract Objective: The preparation of parents of children who should undergo cardiac surgery requires special treatment such as the explanations about the event. This study aims to compare the effects of standardized nursing guidelines with routine institutional orientation on the anxiety of parents of children undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: Randomized clinical trial. The sample consisted of parents of children who underwent cardiac surgery from December 2010 to April 2011. Twenty-two parents were randomized to the intervention group (IG) and received the standard nursing guidelines and 22 participated in the control group (CG) and received the routine guidelines from the institution. Anxiety was assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) applied in the preoperative period, between 12 and 20 hours before surgery and before receiving standard or institutional guidelines and 48 hours after surgery. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures was performed to evaluate the differences between the variations in STAI scores between the groups during the studied period. The level of significance was 0.05. Results: There were no significant differences in baseline anxiety scores between groups with regard to trait anxiety as well as state anxiety: STAI-trait (CG 42.6±4.9 vs. IG 41.4±6.0, P=0.48); STAI-state (CG 42.3±5.7 vs. IG 45.6±8.3, P=0.18). Likewise, the variation in score after 48 hours was similar between groups (STAI-trait P=0.77; STAI-state P=0.61). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the parents' anxiety levels when comparing the two types of guidelines: the standard nursing and the institutional orientation.

Insuficiência cardíaca: avaliação e comparação do conhecimento da doença em pacientes ambulatoriais x hospitalizados / Insuficiencia cardíaca: evaluación y comparación del conocimiento de la enfermedad en pacientes ambulatorios versus pacientes hospitalizados / Heart failure: assessment and comparison of disease knowledge in outpatient vs. hospitalized patients

Objetivo: avaliar e comparar o conhecimento da doença entre os pacientes com Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC) em um hospital especializado em cardiologia. Método: trata-se de um estudo transversal. Foi aplicado um questionário de conhecimento da doença validado, além de dados sociodemográficos e um questionário de avaliação cognitiva. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, os do ambulatório de IC (GA) e os hospitalizados nas unidades de internação clínica (GI). Os pacientes que somaram entre 51-57 pontos (escore) tiveram classificação ótima de conhecimento. Resultados: a amostra foi de 98 pacientes, 49 no GA e 49 no GI, maioria do sexo masculino, idade média de 62 ± 14 anos. No GA, 51% apresentou nível aceitável de conhecimento e no GI, 55% apresentou pouco conhecimento. Conclusão: o conhecimento da IC entre pacientes ambulatoriais e internados foram diferentes e subótimos. Atividades de educação desenvolvidas pela equipe multiprofissional podem contribuir para melhor conhecimento da doença.

Objective: to evaluate and compare the knowledge of the disease among patients with heart failure (HF) in a hospital specialized in cardiology. Method: this is a cross-sectional study. A validated questionnaire about knowledge of disease was applied, as well as sociodemographic data and a cognitive assessment questionnaire. The patients were divided into two groups, those of the HF outpatient clinic (OC) and those hospitalized in the inpatient units (IU). Patients who scored between 51-57 points (score) had a great knowledge rating. Results: the sample was 98 patients, 49 in OC and 49 in IU, mostly male, mean age 62 ± 14 years. In OC, 51% had acceptable level of knowledge and in IU, 55% had poor knowledge. Conclusion: the knowledge of HF among outpatients and inpatients was different and suboptimal. Education activities developed by the multiprofessional team can contribute to better knowledge of the disease.

Objetivo: evaluar y comparar el conocimiento de la enfermedad entre pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) en un hospital especializado en cardiología. Método: este es un estudio transversal. Se aplicó un cuestionario validado de conocimiento de la enfermedad, así como datos sociodemográficos y un cuestionario de evaluación cognitiva. Los pacientes se dividieron en dos grupos, los de la clínica ambulatoria de IC (CA) y los hospitalizados en las unidades de hospitalización (UH). Los pacientes que obtuvieron entre 51-57 puntos (puntuación) obtuvieron una calificación de conocimiento óptima. Resultados: la muestra fue de 98 pacientes, 49 en CA y 49 en UH, en su mayoría hombres, edad media 62 ± 14 años. En CA, el 51% tenía un nivel de conocimiento aceptable y en UH, el 55% tenía poco conocimiento. Conclusión: el conocimiento de la IC entre pacientes ambulatorios y pacientes internos fue diferente y subóptimo. Las actividades educativas desarrolladas por el equipo multiprofesional pueden contribuir a un mejor conocimiento de la enfermedad.

Profile of the nursing diagnoses in stable heart disease patients.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the nursing diagnoses through reports in the medical records of patients monitored in a specialized ischemic heart disease outpatient clinic. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection in the medical records. From the data collected, the nursing diagnoses were proposed by the researchers and submitted for validation by specialist cardiology nurses. RESULTS: A total of 13 nursing diagnoses were evaluated from the medical records of 50 outpatients with the following validation agreements among the specialists: Ineffective health management (100%), Noncompliance (100%), Sedentary lifestyle (100%), Activity intolerance (100%), Decreased cardiac output (88%), Risk of decreased cardiac tissue perfusion (65%), Risk of intolerance to activity (65%), Acute pain (76%), Ineffective health maintenance (65%), Risk-prone health behavior (65%), Risk for decreased cardiac output (65%), Risk for intolerance to activity (65%), Ineffective respiratory pattern (53%), Impaired memory (29%). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the nursing diagnoses validated for stable heart disease patients were linked to adherence to treatment and to the cardiovascular responses of the patients, reinforcing the importance of early intervention. These results allow the multidisciplinary team to individualize the goals and interventions proposed for ischemic heart disease patients.

Ambulatory setting of patients with surgical site infections after a cardiac intervention. / Cenário ambulatorial de pacientes com sítio cirúrgico infectado após intervenção cardíaca.

OBJECTIVE: Verifying the clinical-surgical profile and the results of patients monitored in an surgical wound ambulatory after a cardiac surgeries. METHODS: This is a historical cohort research with patients submitted to cardiac surgery and monitored for a year in an outpatient surgical wound clinic from a hospital specialized in cardiology. The study analyzed the prevalent microorganisms in infections, the products used in the dressings, the time of follow-up, and the type of therapy established in the dressings. RESULTS: Among the 150 patients, most were sexagenarians (61.7 ± 11.4 years), hypertensive patients (75%), and diabetic (44.7%). There were 12 patients with mediastinitis (8%) and 44 with surgical site infection (29.3%). Fatty acids (80%) and calcium alginate (19%) were used for wound healing. The mean follow-up time was 35 ± 71 days. CONCLUSION: Sexagenary, hypertensive, diabetic and revascularized patients constituted the population monitored in the wounds outpatient clinic. The SSI and mediastinitis rates found were acceptable and similar to those in literature.

Profile of the nursing diagnoses in stable heart disease patients

Abstract Objective. To identify the nursing diagnoses through reports in the medical records of patients monitored in a specialized ischemic heart disease outpatient clinic. Methods. Cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection in the medical records. From the data collected, the nursing diagnoses were proposed by the researchers and submitted for validation by specialist cardiology nurses. Results. A total of 13 nursing diagnoses were evaluated from the medical records of 50 outpatients with the following validation agreements among the specialists: Ineffective health management (100%), Noncompliance (100%), Sedentary lifestyle (100%), Activity intolerance (100%), Decreased cardiac output (88%), Risk of decreased cardiac tissue perfusion (65%), Risk of intolerance to activity (65%), Acute pain (76%), Ineffective health maintenance (65%), Risk-prone health behavior (65%), Risk for decreased cardiac output (65%), Risk for intolerance to activity (65%), Ineffective respiratory pattern (53%), Impaired memory (29%). Conclusion. In this study, the nursing diagnoses validated for stable heart disease patients were linked to adherence to treatment and to the cardiovascular responses of the patients, reinforcing the importance of early intervention. These results allow the multidisciplinary team to individualize the goals and interventions proposed for ischemic heart disease patients.

Resumen Objetivo. Identificar los diagnósticos de enfermería a partir de los registros en el seguimiento de los pacientes que acuden a un centro ambulatorio especializado en cardiopatía isquémica en la ciudad de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Métodos. Estudio transversal con toma de información retrospectiva de la historia clínica. A partir de los datos recolectados, los diagnósticos de enfermería identificados por los investigadores se sometieron a valoración de enfermeros especialistas en cardiología. Resultados. Se identificaron 13 diagnósticos de enfermería en las historias clínicas de 50 pacientes ambulatorios, con la siguiente concordancia de validación entre los especialistas: control ineficaz de la salud (100%), falta de adherencia (100%), estilo de vida sedentario (100%), Intolerancia a la actividad (100%), Débito cardíaco disminuido (88%), Riego de perfusión tisular cardíaca disminuida (76%), Dolor agudo (76%), Mantenimiento ineficaz de la salud (65%), Comportamiento de salud propenso a riesgo (65%), Riesgo de débito cardíaco disminuido (65%), Riesgo de intolerancia a la actividad (65%), Patrón respiratorio ineficaz (53%), Memoria perjudicada (29%). Conclusión. En este estudio los diagnósticos de enfermería validados para los pacientes cardiópatas estables están relacionados con la adherencia al tratamiento y a la respuesta cardiovascular a las intervenciones, reforzando la importancia de intervención precoz. Esos resultados permiten, en equipos multiprofesionales, individualizar las metas e intervenciones para los pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica.

Resumo Objetivo. Identificar os diagnósticos de enfermagem através dos registros no seguimento dos pacientes que vão a um centro ambulatório especializado em cardiopatia isquêmica na cidade de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Métodos. Estudo transversal com toma de informação retrospectiva da história clínica. A partir dos dados recolhido, os diagnósticos de enfermagem identificados pelos investigadores foram submetidos a valoração de enfermeiros especialistas em cardiologia. Resultados. Foram identificados 13 diagnósticos de enfermagem nas histórias clínicas de 50 pacientes ambulatórios, com a seguinte concordância de validação entre os especialistas: controle ineficaz da saúde (100%), falta de aderência (100%), estilo de vida sedentário (100%), Intolerância à atividade (100%), Débito cardíaco diminuído (88%), irrigação de perfusão tissular cardíaca diminuída (76%), Dor agudo (76%), Manutenção ineficaz da saúde (65%), Comportamento de saúde propenso a risco (65%), Risco de débito cardíaco diminuído (65%), Risco de intolerância à atividade (65%), Padrão respiratório ineficaz (53%), Memória prejudicada (29%). Conclusão. Neste estudo os diagnósticos de enfermagem validados para os pacientes cardiopatas estáveis estão relacionados com a aderência ao tratamento e à resposta cardiovascular às intervenções dos pacientes, reforçando a importância de intervenção precoce. Esses resultados permitem em equipes multiprofissionais

Cenário ambulatorial de pacientes com sítio cirúrgico infectado após intervenção cardíaca / Escenario ambulatorial de pacientes con sitio cirugía infectado después intervención cardíaca / Ambulatory setting of patients with surgical site infections after a cardiac intervention

Resumo OBJETIVO Verificar o perfil clínico-cirúrgico e os resultados de pacientes acompanhados em um ambulatório de ferida operatória após cirurgia cardíaca. MÉTODOS Coorte histórica com pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca e acompanhados por um ano em um ambulatório de feridas de um hospital especializado em cardiologia. Foram analisados os micro-organismos predominantes nas infecções, os produtos utilizados nos curativos, tempo de acompanhamento e o tipo de terapêutica instituída nos curativos. RESULTADOS Entre os 150 pacientes, predominaram sexagenários (61,7 ± 11,4 anos), hipertensos (75%), diabéticos (44,7%). Evidenciou-se 12 pacientes com mediastinite (8%) e 44 com infecção de sítio cirúrgico (29,3%). Utilizou-se para realização dos curativos os ácidos graxos (80%) e alginato de cálcio (19%). O tempo de acompanhamento foi de 35 ±71 dias. CONCLUSÃO Pacientes sexagenários, hipertensos, diabéticos e revascularizados constituíram a população acompanhada no ambulatório de feridas. As taxas de ISC e mediastinite encontradas foram aceitáveis e semelhantes às da literatura.

Resumen OBJETIVO Verificar el perfil clínico-quirúrgico y los resultados de pacientes acompañados en un ambulatorio de heridas operatorias después de cirugía cardiaca. MÉTODO Cohorte histórica con pacientes sometidos a la cirugía cardiaca y acompañados por un año en el ambulatorio de heridas de un hospital especializado en cardiología. Fueron analizados los microorganismos predominantes en las infecciones, los productos utilizados en las curaciones, el tiempo de seguimiento, o el tipo de tratamiento utilizado en las curaciones. RESULTADOS Entre los 150 pacientes predominaron el sexo masculino (58%), sexagenarios (61,7 ± 11,4 años), hipertensos (75%), diabéticos (44.7%). Se evidenciaron 12 pacientes con mediastinitis (8%) y 44 con infección en el sitio quirúrgico (29.3%). Se utilizó en las curaciones fueron los ácidos grasos (80%) y el alginato de calcio (19%). El tiempo medio de seguimiento fue de 35 ± 71 días. CONCLUSIÓN Los pacientes sexagenarios, hipertensos, diabéticos y revascularizados constituyeron la población acompañada en el ambulatorio de heridas. Las tasas de ISC y mediastinitis encontradas fueron aceptables y similares a las de la literatura.

Abstract OBJECTIVE Verifying the clinical-surgical profile and the results of patients monitored in an surgical wound ambulatory after a cardiac surgeries. METHODS This is a historical cohort research with patients submitted to cardiac surgery and monitored for a year in an outpatient surgical wound clinic from a hospital specialized in cardiology. The study analyzed the prevalent microorganisms in infections, the products used in the dressings, the time of follow-up, and the type of therapy established in the dressings. RESULTS Among the 150 patients, most were sexagenarians (61.7 ± 11.4 years), hypertensive patients (75%), and diabetic (44.7%). There were 12 patients with mediastinitis (8%) and 44 with surgical site infection (29.3%). Fatty acids (80%) and calcium alginate (19%) were used for wound healing. The mean follow-up time was 35 ± 71 days. CONCLUSION Sexagenary, hypertensive, diabetic and revascularized patients constituted the population monitored in the wounds outpatient clinic. The SSI and mediastinitis rates found were acceptable and similar to those in literature.

Incidence of hemorrhagic complications with use of a radial compression device: a cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the incidence of hemorrhagic complications in patients undergoing radial cardiac catheterization and using a hemostatic device for arterial compression. METHOD: A prospective cohort study conducted with patients undergoing elective cardiac catheterization in two hemodynamic laboratories in southern Brazil. The TR Band® radial compression device was used during 4 hours for hemostasis of the arterial puncture site. Hematomas and minor bleeding were the outcomes evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 244 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 63.5±10.9 years, 61.9% were male, 73.8% had systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and 42.8% were dyslipidemic. Type I hematoma occurred in 1.2% of patients and minor bleeding in 9% after removal of the device. There was no significant association between hematomas and bleeding, and patients who used oral anticoagulants (p=0.604) and prior use of antiplatelets (p=0.958). CONCLUSION: The use of the hemostatic device for radial artery compression was safe in clinical practice and there was a low incidence of hematomas and minor bleeding after radial coronary angiography.

Independent Predictors of Late Presentation in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

BACKGROUND: In patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the time elapsed from symptom onset to receiving medical care is one of the main mortality predictors. OBJECTIVE: To identify independent predictors of late presentation in patients STEMI representative of daily clinical practice. METHODS: All patients admitted with a diagnosis of STEMI in a reference center between December 2009 and November 2014 were evaluated and prospectively followed during hospitalization and for 30 days after discharge. Late presentation was defined as a time interval > 6 hours from chest pain onset until hospital arrival. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of late presentation. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 1,297 patients were included, with a mean age of 60.7 ± 11.6 years, of which 71% were males, 85% Caucasians, 72% had a mean income lower than five minimum wages and 66% had systemic arterial hypertension. The median time of clinical presentation was 3.00 [1.40-5.48] hours, and approximately one-quarter of the patients had a late presentation, with their mortality being significantly higher. The independent predictors of late presentation were Black ethnicity, low income and diabetes mellitus, and a history of previous heart disease was a protective factor. CONCLUSION: Black ethnicity, low income and diabetes mellitus are independent predictors of late presentation in STEMI. The identification of subgroups of patients prone to late presentation may help to stimulate prevention policies for these high-risk individuals.

Independent Predictors of Late Presentation in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction / Preditores de Apresentação Tardia em Pacientes com Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio com Supradesnivelamento do Segmento ST

Abstract Background: In patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the time elapsed from symptom onset to receiving medical care is one of the main mortality predictors. Objective: To identify independent predictors of late presentation in patients STEMI representative of daily clinical practice. Methods: All patients admitted with a diagnosis of STEMI in a reference center between December 2009 and November 2014 were evaluated and prospectively followed during hospitalization and for 30 days after discharge. Late presentation was defined as a time interval > 6 hours from chest pain onset until hospital arrival. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of late presentation. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 1,297 patients were included, with a mean age of 60.7 ± 11.6 years, of which 71% were males, 85% Caucasians, 72% had a mean income lower than five minimum wages and 66% had systemic arterial hypertension. The median time of clinical presentation was 3.00 [1.40-5.48] hours, and approximately one-quarter of the patients had a late presentation, with their mortality being significantly higher. The independent predictors of late presentation were Black ethnicity, low income and diabetes mellitus, and a history of previous heart disease was a protective factor. Conclusion: Black ethnicity, low income and diabetes mellitus are independent predictors of late presentation in STEMI. The identification of subgroups of patients prone to late presentation may help to stimulate prevention policies for these high-risk individuals.

Resumo Fundamento: Em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST), o tempo decorrido desde o início dos sintomas até a busca por atendimento médico é um dos principais preditores de mortalidade. Objetivo: Identificar preditores independentes de apresentação tardia em pacientes com IAMCSST representativos da prática clínica diária. Métodos: Todos os pacientes admitidos com diagnóstico de IAMCSST em um centro de referência, no período de dezembro de 2009 a novembro de 2014, foram avaliados e prospectivamente acompanhados, durante a hospitalização e por 30 dias após a alta. A apresentação tardia foi definida como tempo maior que 6 horas desde o início da dor torácica até a chegada ao hospital. Análise de regressão logística múltipla foi usada para identificar os preditores independentes de apresentação tardia. Foi considerado estatisticamente significativo p < 0,05. Resultados: Foram incluídos 1.297 pacientes, com idade média de 60,7 ± 11,6 anos, 71% do sexo masculino, 85% da raça branca, 72% com renda média menor que cinco salários mínimos e 66% com hipertensão arterial sistêmica. A mediana do tempo de apresentação clínica foi de 3,00 [1,40-5,48] horas, sendo que aproximadamente um quarto dos pacientes apresentou-se tardiamente, e a mortalidade deles foi significativamente maior. Os preditores independentes de apresentação tardia foram raça negra, baixa renda e diabetes melito, e história de doença cardíaca prévia foi fator protetor. Conclusão: Raça negra, baixa renda e diabetes melito são preditores independentes de apresentação tardia no IAMCSST. A identificação de subgrupos de pacientes propensos à apresentação tardia pode auxiliar a estimular políticas de prevenção nestes indivíduos de alto risco.

Incidence of hemorrhagic complications with use of a radial compression device: a cohort study / Incidencia de complicaciones hemorrágicas con el uso de pulsera de compresión radial: estudio de cohorte / Incidência de complicações hemorrágicas com o uso de pulseira de compressão radial: estudo de coorte

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the incidence of hemorrhagic complications in patients undergoing radial cardiac catheterization and using a hemostatic device for arterial compression. Method: A prospective cohort study conducted with patients undergoing elective cardiac catheterization in two hemodynamic laboratories in southern Brazil. The TR Band® radial compression device was used during 4 hours for hemostasis of the arterial puncture site. Hematomas and minor bleeding were the outcomes evaluated. Results: A total of 244 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 63.5±10.9 years, 61.9% were male, 73.8% had systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and 42.8% were dyslipidemic. Type I hematoma occurred in 1.2% of patients and minor bleeding in 9% after removal of the device. There was no significant association between hematomas and bleeding, and patients who used oral anticoagulants (p=0.604) and prior use of antiplatelets (p=0.958). Conclusion: The use of the hemostatic device for radial artery compression was safe in clinical practice and there was a low incidence of hematomas and minor bleeding after radial coronary angiography.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar la incidencia de complicaciones hemorrágicas en pacientes sometidos a cateterismo cardiaco radial y con el uso de pulsera hemostática para compresión arterial. Método: Estudio de cohorte prospectivo, conducido con pacientes sometidos a cateterismo cardiaco electivo, en dos laboratorios de hemodinámica en el sur de Brasil. Para la hemostasia del sitio de punción arterial, se utilizó la pulsera de compresión radial TR Band® por 4 horas. Los resultados evaluados fueron hematomas y sangrado menor. Resultados: Fueron evaluados 244 pacientes, con edad media de 63,5±10,9 años, el 61,9% del sexo masculino, el 73,8% con hipertensión arterial sistémica y el 42,8% dislipidémicos. Ocurrió el 1,2% de hematoma tipo I y el 9% de sangrado menor después de la retirada de la pulsera. No hubo asociación significativa entre hematomas y sangrados y los pacientes que hacían uso de anticoagulante oral (p=0,604) y uso previo de antiplaquetario (p=0,958). Conclusión: El uso de la pulsera hemostática para compresión de la arteria radial se mostró segura en la práctica clínica y con reducida incidencia de hematomas y sangrado menor luego de cinecoronariografía por vía radial.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a incidência de complicações hemorrágicas em pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco radial e com uso de pulseira hemostática para compressão arterial. Método: Estudo de coorte prospectivo, conduzido com pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco eletivo, em dois laboratórios de hemodinâmica no sul do Brasil. Para a hemostasia do sítio de punção arterial, foi utilizada a pulseira de compressão radial TR Band® por 4 horas. Os desfechos avaliados foram hematomas e sangramento menor. Resultados: Foram avaliados 244 pacientes, com idade média de 63,5±10,9 anos, 61,9% do sexo masculino, 73,8% com hipertensão arterial sistêmica e 42,8% dislipidêmicos. Ocorreram 1,2% de hematoma tipo I e 9% de sangramento menor depois da retirada da pulseira. Não houve associação significativa entre hematomas e sangramentos e os pacientes que faziam uso de anticoagulante oral (p=0,604) e uso prévio de antiplaquetário (p=0,958). Conclusão: O uso da pulseira hemostática para compressão da artéria radial mostrou-se segura na prática clínica e com reduzida incidência de hematomas e sangramento menor após cinecoronariografia por via radial.

Predictors of Mediastinitis Risk after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Applicability of Score in 1. 322 Cases / Preditores de Risco de Mediastinite após Cirurgia de Revascularização do Miocárdio: Aplicabilidade de Score em 1. 322 Casos

Abstract Background: Mediastinitis is a severe surgical complication of low incidence, but high lethality. Scores used in the preoperative period to stratify the risk of postoperative mediastinitis may contribute to improve the results. Objective: To test the applicability of the MagedanzSCORE in predicting the risk factors for mediastinitis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting at a cardiology reference hospital. Methods: Historical cohort study with adult patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. The analyzed variables were contemplated in the MagedanzSCORE: reoperation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obesity, class IV unstable angina, polytransfusion therapy, mediastinitis and death as outcome variables. Results: Of the 1.322 patients examined, 56 (4.2%) developed mediastinitis. Of these, 26 (46.4%) were classified as high risk for mediastinitis and 15 (26.8%) at very high risk for mediastinitis. Three of the five variables of the Magendanz Score showed statistically significant differences: reoperation, COPD and obesity. Class IV unstable angina and postoperative polytransfusion were not associated with mediastinitis after coronary artery by-pass grafting. The area under the ROC curve was 0.80 (CI 95% 0.73 - 0.86), indicating the model's satisfactory ability to predict the occurrence of mediastinitis. Conclusion: The tool was useful in the preoperative assessment demonstrating the risk for mediastinitis in this population of intensive care patients. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

Resumo Fundamento: A mediastinite é uma complicação cirúrgica grave de baixa incidência, porém com alto poder de letalidade. Escores utilizados no período pré-operatório para estratificar o risco de sua ocorrência podem contribuir para melhorar os resultados. Objetivo: Testar a aplicabilidade do MagedanzSCORE em prever risco de mediastinite em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM) em um hospital de referência em cardiologia. Métodos: Estudo de coorte histórica conduzido com pacientes adultos submetidos à CRM. As variáveis analisadas foram as contempladas no MagedanzSCORE: reintervenção cirúrgica, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), obesidade, angina estável classe IV/angina instável, politransfusão sanguínea, mediastinite e óbito como variáveis de desfecho. Resultados: Dentre os 1.322 pacientes analisados, 56 (4,2%) desenvolveram mediastinite. Destes, 26 (46,4%) foram classificados com risco elevado e 15 (26,8%) com risco muito elevado. Três das cinco variáveis do escore apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas: reintervenção cirúrgica, DPOC e obesidade. Angina classe IV/instável e politransfusão (pós-operatória) não apresentaram associação com mediastinite após a CRM. A área sob a curva ROC foi de 0,80 (IC 95% 0,73 - 0,86), demonstrando capacidade satisfatória do modelo em prever a ocorrência de mediastinite. Conclusão: O instrumento mostrou-se útil para auxiliar na avaliação pré-operatória por apontar o risco de mediastinite nesta população de pacientes de cuidados intensivos. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

Predictors of Mediastinitis Risk after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Applicability of Score in 1.322 Cases.

BACKGROUND: Mediastinitis is a severe surgical complication of low incidence, but high lethality. Scores used in the preoperative period to stratify the risk of postoperative mediastinitis may contribute to improve the results. OBJECTIVE: To test the applicability of the MagedanzSCORE in predicting the risk factors for mediastinitis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting at a cardiology reference hospital. METHODS: Historical cohort study with adult patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. The analyzed variables were contemplated in the MagedanzSCORE: reoperation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obesity, class IV unstable angina, polytransfusion therapy, mediastinitis and death as outcome variables. RESULTS: Of the 1.322 patients examined, 56 (4.2%) developed mediastinitis. Of these, 26 (46.4%) were classified as high risk for mediastinitis and 15 (26.8%) at very high risk for mediastinitis. Three of the five variables of the Magendanz Score showed statistically significant differences: reoperation, COPD and obesity. Class IV unstable angina and postoperative polytransfusion were not associated with mediastinitis after coronary artery by-pass grafting. The area under the ROC curve was 0.80 (CI 95% 0.73 - 0.86), indicating the model's satisfactory ability to predict the occurrence of mediastinitis. CONCLUSION: The tool was useful in the preoperative assessment demonstrating the risk for mediastinitis in this population of intensive care patients. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).

Comparison of quality of life between patients on the waiting list and heart transplant recipients. / Comparação da qualidade de vida entre pacientes em lista de espera e pacientes submetidos a transplante cardíaco.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the quality of life (QOL) between wait-listed patients and heart transplant recipients. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 56 adult patients at two institutions in Southern Brazil, 9(16%) wait-listed patients and 47(84%) transplant recipients. Data were collected from August to December 2012. QOL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), with scores ranging from zero to 100. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in the overall QOL score (p=0.010) and in four dimensions. The mean rank was 16.9 in wait-listed patients and 30.7 in transplant recipients. Wait-listed patients presented the lowest for general health (9.1) and the highest scores for role-emotional (24.8). Transplant recipients obtained the highest scores for general health (32.2) and the lowest scores for bodily pain (29.1). CONCLUSIONS: Undergoing a transplant has a positive impact on the QOL of recipients compared to that of patients awaiting transplantation.

Effectiveness of a nursing intervention in decreasing the anxiety levels of family members of patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: to verify the effectiveness of nursing orientation provided to families of patients in the immediate post-operative following cardiac surgery before the first visit to the post-anesthesia care unit, in decreasing anxiety levels, compared to the unit's routine orientation. METHOD: open randomized clinical trial addressing family members in the waiting room before the first visit in the immediate post-operative period. The family members assigned to the intervention group received audiovisual orientation concerning the patients' conditions at the time and the control group received the unit's routine orientation. Outcome anxiety was assessed using the STAI-State. RESULTS: 210 individuals were included, 105 in each group, aged 46.4 years old on average (±14.5); 69% were female and 41% were the patients' children. The mean score obtained on the anxiety assessment in the intervention group was 41.3±8.6, while the control group scored 50.6±9.4 (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: a nursing intervention focused on providing guidance to families before their first visit to patients in the immediate post-operative period of cardiac surgery helps to decrease the levels of anxiety of companions, making them feel better prepared for the moment. ReBEC (Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry) and The Universal Trial Number (UTN), No. U1111-1145-6172. OBJETIVO: verificar a efetividade das orientações de enfermagem a familiares de pacientes em pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca, antes da primeira visita na sala de recuperação pós-anestésica, nos níveis de ansiedade, comparados com a orientação de rotina da unidade. MÉTODOS: ensaio clínico randomizado, realizado com familiares abordados na sala de espera, antes da primeira visita no pós-operatório imediato. Familiares alocados no grupo intervenção receberam orientações audiovisuais sobre as condições em que o paciente se encontrava naquele momento, e o grupo controle recebeu as orientações de rotina da unidade. O desfecho ansiedade foi avaliado pelo inventário IDATE. RESULTADOS: foram incluídos 210 sujeitos, 105 em cada grupo, com idade média de 46,4±14,5 anos, sendo 69% do sexo feminino e 41% filhos dos pacientes. Na avaliação da ansiedade, o escore médio para o grupo intervenção foi de 41,3±8,6 pontos e, para o grupo controle, 50,6±9,4 pontos (p<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: a intervenção de enfermagem voltada à orientação de familiares, no momento que antecede a primeira visita no pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca, contribui para possível redução da ansiedade dos acompanhantes, contribuindo para que se sintam mais preparados para esse momento. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC) e The Universal Trial Number (UTN), sob o número U1111-1145-6172. OBJETIVO: verificar la efectividad de las orientaciones de enfermería - dadas a familiares de pacientes en el posoperatorio inmediato de cirugía cardíaca, antes de la primera visita, en la sala de recuperación postanestésica - en los niveles de ansiedad, comparados con la orientación de rutina de la unidad. MÉTODOS: ensayo clínico aleatorio, realizado con familiares abordados en la sala de espera, antes de la primera visita en el posoperatorio inmediato. Familiares designados para el grupo intervención recibieron orientaciones audiovisuales sobre las condiciones en que el paciente se encontraba en aquel momento, y el grupo control recibió las orientaciones de rutina de la unidad. El resultado ansiedad fue evaluado por el inventario IDATE. RESULTADOS: fueron incluidos 210 sujetos, 105 en cada grupo, con edad promedio de 46,4±14,5 años, siendo 69% del sexo femenino y 41% eran hijos de los pacientes. En la evaluación de la ansiedad, el puntaje promedio para el grupo intervención fue de 41,3±8,6 puntos y, para el grupo control, 50,6±9,4 puntos (p<0,001). CONCLUSIÓN: la intervención de enfermería dirigida a orientar a familiares, en el momento que antecede a la primera visita en el posoperatorio inmediato de cirugía cardíaca, induce una posible reducción de la ansiedad de los acompañantes, contribuyendo para que se sientan más preparados para ese momento. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos (ReBEC) y The Universal Trial Number (UTN), bajo el no U1111-1145-6172.

Desfechos clínicos de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca em um hospital do noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul / Resultados clínicos de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca en un hospital del noroeste del Rio Grande do Sul / Clinical outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac surgery in a hospital in northwest of Rio Grande do Sul

Objetivo: Analisar os desfechos clínicos dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgiacardíaca em um hospital de alta complexidade. Método: Estudo descritivo, longitudinalhistórico, no qual foram analisados prontuários de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca no período de um ano. Resultados: Entre os 137 prontuários analisados, a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio foi a mais prevalente 85(62%). A média de tempo de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva foi de 2,93±4,53 dias, e na unidade deinternação clinica/cirúrgica foi de 3,77±3,53 dias. As drogas mais utilizadas foram asvasoativas. As intercorrências mais prevalentes, no período pós-operatório, foram a hipotensão arterial 50(36,6%), sangramento 17(12,4%) e hiperglicemia 10(7,3%). O tempomédio de permanência do dreno de tórax foi de 51h43min, do uso de ventilação mecânicafoi de 16h38min e do tubo orotraqueal foi de 16h48min. Conclusão: Os principais desfechos clínicos no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca relacionam-se com a condição hemodinâmica do paciente.

Aim: To analyze the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac surgeryin a high complexity hospital. Method: Descriptive historical longitudinal study, in which records of patients undergoing cardiac surgery within the period of one year wereanalyzed. Results: Among the 137 patient records analyzed, CABG surgery was the mostprevalent 85 (62%). The average length of stay in the ICU was 2.93 ± 4.53 days, andclinical / surgical units, was 3.77 ± 3.53 days. The most used drugs were the vasoactiveones. The most prevalent complications in the postoperative period were hypotension 50(36.6%), bleeding 17 (12.4%) and hyperglycemia 10 (7.3%). The average time of the chesttube removal was 51h43min , the use of mechanical ventilation was 16:38min and of theendotracheal tube was 16:48min. Conclusion: The major clinical outcomes in post-cardiacsurgery are related to the hemodynamic status of the patient.

Objetivo: Analizar los resultados clínicos de los pacientes sometidos a cirugíacardiaca en un hospital de alta complejidad. Método: Estudio descriptivo, longitudinalhistórica, que analizó los registros de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca entre el período de um ano. Resultados: De los 137 registros de pacientes analizados, cirugía de bypass coronario fue el más prevalente 85 (62%). La duración media de la estancia de la UCI fue de 2,93 ± 4,53 días, y unidades clínicas / quirúrgicos, fue 3,77 ± 3,53 días. Las complicaciones más frecuentes en el postoperatorio fueron hipotensión 50 (36,6%),sangrado 17 (12,4%) y la hiperglucemia 10 (7,3%). La duración promedio de la retirada deltubo torácico fue 51h43min, la ventilación mecánica fue 16h38min y el tubo endotraquealfue 16h48min. Conclusión: Los principales resultados clínicos en cirugía post-cardiacaestán relacionados con el estado hemodinámico del paciente.

Effectiveness of a nursing intervention in decreasing the anxiety levels of family members of patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial / Efetividade de intervenção de enfermagem nos níveis de ansiedade de familiares de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca: ensaio clínico randomizado / Efectividad de intervención de la enfermería en los niveles de ansiedad de familiares de pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca: ensayo clínico aleatorio

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the effectiveness of nursing orientation provided to families of patients in the immediate post-operative following cardiac surgery before the first visit to the post-anesthesia care unit, in decreasing anxiety levels, compared to the unit's routine orientation. Method: open randomized clinical trial addressing family members in the waiting room before the first visit in the immediate post-operative period. The family members assigned to the intervention group received audiovisual orientation concerning the patients' conditions at the time and the control group received the unit's routine orientation. Outcome anxiety was assessed using the STAI-State. Results: 210 individuals were included, 105 in each group, aged 46.4 years old on average (±14.5); 69% were female and 41% were the patients' children. The mean score obtained on the anxiety assessment in the intervention group was 41.3±8.6, while the control group scored 50.6±9.4 (p<0.001). Conclusion: a nursing intervention focused on providing guidance to families before their first visit to patients in the immediate post-operative period of cardiac surgery helps to decrease the levels of anxiety of companions, making them feel better prepared for the moment. ReBEC (Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry) and The Universal Trial Number (UTN), No. U1111-1145-6172.

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a efetividade das orientações de enfermagem a familiares de pacientes em pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca, antes da primeira visita na sala de recuperação pós-anestésica, nos níveis de ansiedade, comparados com a orientação de rotina da unidade. Métodos: ensaio clínico randomizado, realizado com familiares abordados na sala de espera, antes da primeira visita no pós-operatório imediato. Familiares alocados no grupo intervenção receberam orientações audiovisuais sobre as condições em que o paciente se encontrava naquele momento, e o grupo controle recebeu as orientações de rotina da unidade. O desfecho ansiedade foi avaliado pelo inventário IDATE. Resultados: foram incluídos 210 sujeitos, 105 em cada grupo, com idade média de 46,4±14,5 anos, sendo 69% do sexo feminino e 41% filhos dos pacientes. Na avaliação da ansiedade, o escore médio para o grupo intervenção foi de 41,3±8,6 pontos e, para o grupo controle, 50,6±9,4 pontos (p<0,001). Conclusão: a intervenção de enfermagem voltada à orientação de familiares, no momento que antecede a primeira visita no pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca, contribui para possível redução da ansiedade dos acompanhantes, contribuindo para que se sintam mais preparados para esse momento. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC) e The Universal Trial Number (UTN), sob o número U1111-1145-6172.

RESUMEN Objetivo: verificar la efectividad de las orientaciones de enfermería - dadas a familiares de pacientes en el posoperatorio inmediato de cirugía cardíaca, antes de la primera visita, en la sala de recuperación postanestésica - en los niveles de ansiedad, comparados con la orientación de rutina de la unidad. Métodos: ensayo clínico aleatorio, realizado con familiares abordados en la sala de espera, antes de la primera visita en el posoperatorio inmediato. Familiares designados para el grupo intervención recibieron orientaciones audiovisuales sobre las condiciones en que el paciente se encontraba en aquel momento, y el grupo control recibió las orientaciones de rutina de la unidad. El resultado ansiedad fue evaluado por el inventario IDATE. Resultados: fueron incluidos 210 sujetos, 105 en cada grupo, con edad promedio de 46,4±14,5 años, siendo 69% del sexo femenino y 41% eran hijos de los pacientes. En la evaluación de la ansiedad, el puntaje promedio para el grupo intervención fue de 41,3±8,6 puntos y, para el grupo control, 50,6±9,4 puntos (p<0,001). Conclusión: la intervención de enfermería dirigida a orientar a familiares, en el momento que antecede a la primera visita en el posoperatorio inmediato de cirugía cardíaca, induce una posible reducción de la ansiedad de los acompañantes, contribuyendo para que se sientan más preparados para ese momento. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos (ReBEC) y The Universal Trial Number (UTN), bajo el no U1111-1145-6172.